Team 100, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
Home:
Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute - www.sanger.ac.uk
Wellcome Trust Genome Campus,
Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
Phone: +44 (0) 1223 494828
Fax: +44 (0)1223 494919
Principal investigator:
Dr. John Wain Ph.D. M.R.C.Path.
Jw5@sanger.ac.uk
Research team:
Keith Turner PhD
Satheesh Nair PhD
Duy Phan BSc
External PhD students:
Fiona Cooke (Imperial Colelge)
Madeline Smith (Imperial Colelge)
Alex Duncan (Open university)
Thuy Cau (Open University)
Fields of interest:
Diagnosis of severe bacterial infections in less developed countries
Genomics of Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi.
Molecular epidemiology of resistant strains of human restricted Salmonellae.
Curriculum
I joined The Welcome Trust Sanger Institute (WTSI) in May 2004 to set up a laboratory promoting the use of genomic sequence data in the developing world. My research involves studies into the genetic diversity of the natural populations of human bacterial pathogens which have become resistant to antimicrobial agents. Resistance is gained by horizontal acquisition of genes on mobile elements such as plasmids, integrons and transposons, or by the selection of mutations arising spontaneously within the bacterial genome. Multi-drug resistance in Salmonella Typhi has swept through S. E Asia and in collaboration with the Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Unit in Vietnam we are investigating the molecular evolution of the plasmids on which the genes are carried. Using whole genomic microarrays we are currently investigating the effects of resistance on the biological fitness of the bacterial strains which host these MDR plasmids.
I also support the microbiology of the International Vaccine Institute (IVI) in Seoul, Korea. Truly global research by IVI includes the implementation of commercially available vaccines against important enteric pathogens. IVI has helped to establish microbiology diagnostic services in Pakistan, India, China, and Vietnam. This is part of a larger program known as, Diseases Of the Most Impoverished (DOMI) and development of more sites is planned. We are building strong links between The Sanger Institute and the developing IVI molecular laboratories in Seoul, Korea. I see the transfer of ideas, materials, techniques and personnel between The Sanger and established research centers in the developing world as a major part of our research in the future. As part of this process I am involved with Prof. Salvatore Rubino in setting up an open learning resource for enteric infections: http://www.oloep.org
Key publications:
K. Han, S. Choi, J. Lee, H. Lee, E. Shin, M. Agniti, L. Von Seidlein, R. Ochiai, J. Clemens, J. Wain, J. Jahn, B. Lee, M. Song, J. Chun and D. Dong Wook Kim (In Press). "Isolation of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Paratyphi B dT+, or S. Java, from Indonesia and alteration of d-tartrate fermentation phenotype by disrupting the ORF STM 3356." J. Med.Microbiol. JMM46792:
K. Turner, S. Nair and J. Wain (2006). "The acquisition of full fluoroquinolone resistance in Salmonella Typhi by accumulation of point mutations in the topoisomerase targets." J Antimicrob Chemother 58(4): 733-40.
S. Nair, M. Unnikrishnan, K. Turner, S. C. Parija, C. Churcher, J. Wain and N. Harish (2006). "Molecular analysis of fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella Paratyphi A isolate, India." Emerg Infect Dis 12(3): 489-91.
S. Dutta, D. Sur, B. Manna, B. Sen, A. K. Deb, J. L. Deen, J. Wain, L. Von Seidlein, L. Ochiai, J. D. Clemens and S. Kumar Bhattacharya (2006). "Evaluation of new-generation serologic tests for the diagnosis of typhoid fever: Data from a community-based surveillance in Calcutta, India." Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. Epub ahead of print.
J. Wain, D. House, A. Zafar, S. Baker, N. Satheesh, C. Kidgell, Z. Bhutta, G. Dougan and R. Hasan (2005). "Vi antigen expression in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi clinical isolates from Pakistan." J. Clin. Microbiol. 43(3): 1158-1165.
R. L. Ochiai, X. Wang, L. Von Seidlein, J. Yang, Z. A. Bhutta, S. K. Bhattacharya, M. Agtini, J. L. Deen, J. Wain, D. R. Kim, M. Ali, C. J. Acosta, L. Jodar and J. D. Clemens (2005). "Salmonella paratyphi A rates, Asia." Emerg Infect Dis 11(11): 1764-6.
D. House, N. T. Chinh, T. S. Diep, C. M. Parry, J. Wain, G. Dougan, N. J. White, T. T. Hien and J. J. Farrar (2005). "Use of paired serum samples for serodiagnosis of typhoid Fever." J Clin Microbiol 43(9): 4889-90.
J. Wain and C. Kidgell (2004). "The emergence of multidrug resistance to antimicrobial agents for the treatment of typhoid fever." Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 98(7): 423-430.
J. Wain, L. T. D. Nga, C. Kidgell, K. James, S. Fortune, T. S. Diep, T. Ali, P. O. Gaora, C. Parry, J. Parkhill, J. Farrar, N. J. White and G. Dougan (2003). "Molecular analysis of incHI1 antimicrobial resistance Plasmids from Salmonella serovar typhi strains associated with typhoid fever." Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 47(9): 2732-2739.
D. House, J. Wain, V. A. Ho, T. S. Diep, N. T. Chinh, P. V. Bay, H. Vinh, M. Duc, C. M. Parry, G. Dougan, N. J. White, T. T. Hien and J. J. Farrar (2001). "Serology of typhoid fever in an area of endemicity and its relevance to diagnosis." J. Clin. Microbiol. 39(3): 1002-1007.
J. Wain, T. T. Hien, P. Connerton, T. Ali, C. M. Parry, N. T. T. Chinh, H. Vinh, C. X. T. Phuong, V. A. Ho, T. S. Diep, J. J. Farrar, N. J. White and G. Dougan (1999). "Molecular typing of multiple-antibiotic-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi from Vietnam: Application to acute and relapse cases of typhoid fever." J. Clin. Microbiol. 37(8): 2466-2472.
J. Wain, N. T. T. Hoa, N. T. Chinh, H. Vinh, M. J. Everett, T. S. Diep, N. P. J. Day, T. Solomon, N. J. White, L. J. V. Piddock and C. M. Parry (1997). "Quinolone-resistant Salmonella typhi in Viet Nam: Molecular basis of resistance and clinical response to treatment." Clin. Infect. Dis. 25(6): 1404-1410.